National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters

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The EPA is promulgating national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers and process heaters. The EPA has identified industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers and process heaters as major sources of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emissions. The final rule will implement section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) by requiring all major sources to meet HAP emissions standards reflecting the application of the maximum achievable control technology (MACT). The final rule is expected to reduce HAP emissions by 50,600 to 58,000 tons per year (tpy). The HAP emitted by facilities in the boiler and process heater source category include arsenic, cadmium, chromium, hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen fluoride, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, and various organic HAP. Exposure to these substances has been demonstrated to cause adverse health effects such as irritation to the lung, skin, and mucus membranes, effects on the central nervous system, kidney damage, and cancer. These adverse health effects associated with the exposure to these specific HAP are further described in this preamble. In general, these findings