Establishing Defenses to the Imposition of the Accuracy-Related Penalty

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This document contains final regulations that affect the defenses available to the imposition of the accuracy-related penalty when taxpayers fail to disclose reportable transactions or fail to disclose that they have taken a return position based on the conclusion that a regulation is invalid. The final regulations are intended to promote disclosure of reportable transactions and positions based on the conclusion that a regulation is invalid by narrowing a taxpayer's ability to establish good faith and reasonable cause as a defense. The final regulations also clarify the existing regulations with respect to the facts and circumstances to be considered in determining whether a taxpayer acted with reasonable cause and in good faith.